The overnight blitz expanded Russia's almost daily bombardment of Ukrainian cities, including the capital of Kyiv where tens of thousands spent the night sheltering in subway stations, as Moscow apparently looked to exploit Kyiv's critical shortage of Western-supplied anti-ballistic missile defences.
NATO member Poland said a suspected Russian cruise missile entered its airspace during the onslaught and landed in a rural area in an incident that caused no injuries but could deepen tensions between the military alliance and Moscow.
European countries, mistrustful of the Kremlin's wider ambitions, fear the four-year-old war could spill into their territory.
The barrage struck areas far from the front line in the east of the country and where Ukraine is believed to store and manufacture weapons.
Its long-range drones and missiles have battered Russia's oil sector, causing a fuel crisis.
The attack came two days after Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy met US President Donald Trump and representatives of American defence companies as he pleads for swifter and bigger deliveries of Patriot air defence systems to stop Russia's ballistic missiles.
Trump has promised to grant Ukraine licences to build its own Patriots, but production could take many months.
"Given the critical shortage of air defence missiles from our partners, our warriors are accomplishing truly incredible things, demonstrating a very high level of professionalism," Zelenskiy said on social media on Thursday.
"This Russian terror once again proves that protection against the Russian missile threat is the most important task when it comes to saving the lives of our people."
Zelenskiy said at least 10 Ukrainian regions were attacked, with dozens of homes, businesses and infrastructure facilities destroyed or damaged.
Russia launched more than 70 missiles, a significant number of them ballistic missiles, he said, and over 280 attack drones, of which more than 260 were intercepted.
The Russian defence ministry said it aimed at Ukrainian air bases, arms factories and military telecommunications and logistics facilities.
A day of mourning was announced for Friday in a village in the Dnipropetrovsk region, where six people, including three children, were killed, regional officials said.
One person was killed in Kyiv, and another in Poltava in central Ukraine, officials said.
A Russian Kh-101 cruise missile crossed into Poland overnight, violating NATO airspace, Ukrainian Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha said on X, adding it was a clear demonstration that strengthening Ukraine's air defence was urgent and served as a guarantee of wider European security.
An object flying westward was tracked in Polish airspace and a fighter jet was scrambled to identify and intercept it, the Polish military said, but the object disappeared from radar before it could be identified.
A helicopter flew to its last known location in a farming area in Lublin province and found fragments indicating it was a cruise missile.
Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk called it "a very serious incident" but added: "There are absolutely no reasons to believe that Poland was the target."
Meanwhile, Russia's defence ministry said air defences downed 258 Ukrainian drones overnight.
A depot belonging to Wildberries online retailer was set ablaze in Russia's Penza region southeast of Moscow, injuring four people, in the latest strike on the company's warehouses.
Wildberries also reported its warehouse in Sarapul in the Udmurtia region more than 1000km from Ukraine was struck by a Ukrainian drone and set ablaze.
Another Wildberries depot in the Perm region in the Urals was also set ablaze by a Ukrainian drone strike, according to a Russian media report.
Thursday's attacks brought to 14 the number of the retailer's depots struck by Ukrainian drones in under two weeks.
Ukraine accuses Wildberries of supplying goods that can be used by the Russian military.
