Ms Ley promoted key political allies and demoted her conservative foes when she announced the line-up on Wednesday.
The highest profile demotion was senator Jane Hume, following internal criticism of her role in the election loss.
Senator Hume was booted from the shadow finance spot after overseeing a disastrous anti-work-from-home policy blamed for alienating women voters at the federal election.
She also supported Ms Ley's leadership rival Angus Taylor in the race after the poll, which was won by Labor with a big seat margin.
Ms Ley has denied that her demotion amounted to retribution, saying all of her decisions were about taking a "fresh approach" to win back voters.
"There are no scapegoats - Jane is a terrific and talented senator for Victoria," she told Sky News on Thursday.
The coalition leader also defended the relegation of Country Liberal Party senator Jacinta Nampijinpa Price to the outer ministry, from the shadow cabinet before the election.
After the May 3 poll, Senator Nampijinpa Price's defected from the Nationals to the Liberal party room in an ill-fated attempt to become Mr Taylor's deputy.
Senator Price gave a not-so-glowing endorsement of the shadow line-up after she was given the defence industry portfolio, saying "there are probably some appointments that haven't been predicated on experience or merit."
Eyebrows have been raised in some quarters about her shadow portfolio, given Mr Taylor will be the defence spokesman and will likely work closely with the NT senator.
"This is going to be a terrifically important combination," Ms Ley said of the pairing.
Ms Ley also defended the number of women in her shadow cabinet, saying they still make up 40 per cent while noting she was the Liberal party's first female leader.
"Of course, I want to see more women in our party room every single day. I hope that my appointment sends that signal," she told Seven's Sunrise program.
Coalition finance spokesman James Paterson said the number of women in leadership roles would fluctuate as the party rebuilds after its devastating election loss to Labor.
"There are new, younger, outstandingly talented women who are coming forward, who in time will be well placed to serve in future shadow cabinets and I suspect those numbers will go up again," he told ABC radio.Â
Senator Paterson also reflected on Senator Price's comments.
"Merit is the most important consideration in a reshuffle, but I'd be lying if I said merit is the only consideration," he said.
"This is a political process and leaders have to balance states, they have to balance the House of Representatives and the Senate, they have to balance gender, they have to balance the philosophical composition of their party rooms."
Despite Ms Ley's united front with Nationals leader David Littleproud, she still faces disunity across the coalition over climate policy.
The opposition leader has so far declined to recommit to a net zero emissions target, but denies Australians will view the Liberal Party as a climate denier.
Liberal moderates want stronger climate action to win back inner city seats.
"Australians know, and that includes our team, that we must reduce emissions, but we must have a stable, reliable energy grid," Ms Ley said.
Mr Littleproud also faces ruptures over net-zero, after the demotion of Michael McCormack and Barnaby Joyce, after the pair publicly criticised his handling of the coalition relationship.
His claim that the party, which now has six shadow cabinet spots, was undergoing "generational change" was mocked by Mr Joyce, who was disappointed not to be in the line-up.
Mr Joyce noted he was just three years older than Nationals Senate leader Bridget McKenzie.
"I'm 58, I'm not 103," he told Nine's Today show.
"So it's not generational change."
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