The Australian government described the altercation as "unsafe and unprofessional" on Friday evening and said it had expressed its concerns to Beijing.
The interception of an Australian Defence Force MH-60R helicopter by a People's Liberation Army-Navy (PLA-N) helicopter occurred on Wednesday in the Yellow Sea as part of the routine activities of Operation Argos.
The helicopter launched from HMAS Toowoomba was part of Australia's contribution to an international effort to enforce United Nations Security Council sanctions against North Korea.Â
"The PLA-N helicopter matched the ADF helicopter's altitude before closing in to an unsafe distance," a defence department statement said.
"The PLA-N helicopter moved slightly ahead, increased speed and then rolled towards the ADF helicopter, which required evasive action to maintain safe flight."
Canberra said the "unsafe and unprofessional manoeuvre" could have posed a risk to Australian aircraft and personnel.
No injuries were sustained or damage caused.
"Australia expects all countries, including China, to operate their militaries in a safe and professional manner," the department said.
In October, a Chinese fighter jet dropped flares in front of an Australian surveillance plane over the South China Sea.
No Australian personnel were hurt in the interaction, but Defence Minister Richard Marles said at the time the outcome could have been different.