Mooney made 47 off 37 balls and Scotland's Kathryn Bryce 61 off 45 as the pair chased down a victory target of 112 with 18 balls to spare in Nottingham.
That came after Mooney's quick hands had secured the stumping of Rockets dangerwoman Nat Sciver-Brunt, putting the brakes on the home side's innings.
Asked to bat by Mooney on Tuesday Rockets had began solidly, being 2-78 with captain Ash Gardner and Sciver-Brunt at the crease and 40 balls remaining.
Mooney, who had stumped Nat Wraith (17) from Sophie Ecclestone's first ball, now brought back the England spinner to break the pair.
Second ball Ecclestone beat the advancing England captain with turn and bounce and Mooney fetched the ball high to her right one-handed before whipping off the bails.
Thereafter Rockets failed to fire, scoring 5-33 off those last 40 balls with Gardner (17) caught at mid-on trying to slap Lauren Filer. Heather Graham made eight.
Ecclestone finished with 2-12 off 20 balls while Filer, reaching 117 kph, took 3-23 off 20 and Bryce 2-19 off 20.
The home side's 7-111 looked below par and Mooney and Bryce quickly confirmed that. Neither Alana King (0-24 off 20) nor Gardner (0-28 off 15) were able to repeat Ecclestone's impact
Mooney had come into the match off a pair of low scores, and averaging 21.60 in her five visits to the crease this Hundred.
But she hit her third and fourth balls for four, either side of the wicket, then took nine off Gardner's first five-ball set, racing to 18 off 11.
With Bryce looking in good touch the pair reached 59 at the halfway mark, accelerating further with Mooney lifting Australian teammate King for six over long off.
King did find her length late on, beating the bat then - off a full toss - dropping a return catch from Mooney. But it was too late.
"Pretty clinical in the end, to keep that batting line up to 111 was an amazing effort from the bowling group," said Mooney.
"I joked at the break one big partnership would be enough - I didn't think it would be the first one,."
Originals moved up to third, which would earn them a place in the eliminator on August 30 while Rockets chances of progressing, after one win in five, are slim.
